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Cereal diseases from sowing to harvest (determination and protection options): Methodology for practice
Slavíková, Lucie ; Chrpová, Jana ; Palicová, Jana ; Hanzalová, Alena ; Dumalasová, Veronika ; Ripl, Jan ; Jarošová, Jana ; Kumar, Jiban
The fungal and virus diseases are still very actual topics due to the high proportion of cereals in crop rotation and large cultivated area. The cereal crops often decimated by fungal diseases like eyespot, powdery mildew, smuts, rusts, Fusarium head blight and brown leaf spot diseases. The virus diseases include Barley yellow dwarf virus – BYDV, Wheat dwarf virus – WDV and Wheat streak mosaic virus – WSMV are also very important due to the epidemic incidence in some years. This methodology summarizes the current knowledge of these fungal and virus diseases, focuses on the description, symptoms, occurrence, field and laboratory diagnostics and possibilities of crop protection against these diseases. Individual diseases are ranked in the order of their occurrence in the agroecosystem. The methodology can serve the farming communities and agronomist as a key to identifying the diseases infecting wheat crop.
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Methodics of risk determination of increased BYDV occurrence in winter cereals
Jarošová, Jana ; Bartáková, Pavla ; Broženská, Michaela ; Kumar, Jiban
One of the most important viruses affecting cereals in the Czech Republic is Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). BYDV is transmitted by cereal aphids and intensity of its occurrence varies strongly in individual years. Insecticide application protects the stands against virus transmission. In some years, however, the application of the insecticide is groundless. In this methodology we provide a method for increased BYDV occurrence risk evaluation in the field by sample collection of volunteer plants. The methodology is meant to serve mainly to farmers, agronomists and agricultural advisors.
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Methodics of detection of three cereal viruses (BYDV, WDV, WSMV) by Multiplex TaqMan RT-qPCR
Jarošová, Jana ; Kumar, Jiban
The family Poaceae is one of the most important groups of plants in the terms of agricultural production. The family Poaceae also hosts many pathogens including >100 known virus species. The three most important viruses affecting cereals in the Czech Republic are Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) and Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). In this methodology we provide an assay for multiplex detection and quantification of those viruses by TaqMan RT-qPCR. The methodology is meant to serve scientific workers as well as the employees of state laboratories as a tool for individual virus occurrence monitoring in the Czech Republic.
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Methodology of risk assessment of increased incidence of BYDV in winter cereals
Jarošová, Jana ; Bartáková, Pavla ; Broženská, Michaela ; Kumar, Jiban
One of the most important viruses affecting cereals in the Czech Republic is Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). BYDV is transmitted by cereal aphids and intensity of its occurrence varies strongly in individual years. Insecticide application protects the stands against virus transmission. In some years, however, the application of the insecticide is groundless. In this methodology we provide a method for increased BYDV occurrence risk evaluation in the field by sample collection of volunteer plants. The methodology is meant to serve mainly to farmers, agronomists and agricultural advisors.
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Detection of five garlic viruses using real- time PCR analysis: methodology for practice
Mitrová, Katarína ; Svobodová, Leona ; Ovesná, Jaroslava
The objective of the assay is detection of five viruses in garlic using real- time PCR analysis. . This assay allows to identify five of the viruses in the varieties of garlic - Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV), Garlic common latent virus (GCLV), Shallot latent virus (SLV) and Garlic mite-borne filamentous virus (GMbFV) based on the detection of gene sequences for the coat protein by SYBR Green real-time PCR. This method was shown in our work to be a suitable tool for the detection of highly variable pathogens, such as garlic viruses. The method brings a new procedure for detection of these viruses.
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Sharka (Plum pox virus) of stone fruits
JAKUBÍKOVÁ, Hedvika
Plum pox virus causes one of the most devastating stone fruit diseases. The main target of this thesis is a detection of Plum pox virus in infected leaf tissue of Prunus domestica.. The presence of the virus in a plant material was confirmed by the RNA isolation and its use as a template for RT-PCR. Furthermore, the basic information about properties of the virus, common methods of the virus detection and protection possibilities against the virus is are included.
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Detekce a identifikace virů pomocí sekvenování nové generace (NGS)
PODRÁBSKÁ, Kateřina
Next generation sequencing is a modern method applied in plant virology for sensitive detection of previously characterized and novel pathogens without any preceding knowledge of them. In this study three novel and two already described viruses were detected by de novo assembly of Illumina single-end reads ( Hi-Seq 2500 system) from total poly(A) enriched RNA of diseased red clover (Trifolium pratense) and indicator plant (Nicotiana occidentalis 37B). The complete genomic sequence of novel Red clover carlavirus A (RCCA) was determined from Illumina reads, 5´, 3´ RACE, cloning, RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. The presence of RCCV was also confirmed in mechanically inoculated tobacco plant.
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